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12 maj 2024 · This chapter meticulously traces the historical evolution of the pluri-legal system in South Africa. It begins with the colonial period, traverses the era of ‘segregation’ spanning from 1910 to 1945, transitions through the apartheid epoch from 1945 to 1992, and extends into the democratic transition and present times.
26 kwi 2024 · Apartheid was a policy in South Africa that governed relations between the white minority and nonwhite majority during the 20th century. Formally established in 1948, it sanctioned racial segregation and political and economic discrimination against nonwhites. Apartheid legislation was largely repealed in the early 1990s.
7 paź 2010 · Apartheid, or “apartness” in the language of Afrikaans, was a system of legislation that upheld segregation against non-white citizens of South Africa. After the National Party gained power in ...
The continuing existence of long-distances between South African townships and cities signals the distortedness and fragmentation of the country’s spatial planning (Jacobs et al., 2019). The geographical and spatial fragmentation of South African cities can be traced back to
Tools. Abstract: Explores the history of townships in South Africa, including post-apartheid developments, to understand the context for contemporary opportunities, and discusses the framework of conditions under which townships could be developed.
18 gru 2014 · Summary. On 26 May 1948, white South Africa went to the polls. The result, rather to everyone's surprise, was a victory for the National Party under Dr D.F. Malan, in alliance with the Afrikaner Party of N.C. Havenga, which was essentially those who remained faithful to Hertzog's legacy. Between them they won seventy-nine seats in the new ...
26 wrz 2019 · South Africa has a complex history of racialized mobility politics. This chapter explores the commuter railways that were key in materialising South Africa’s racially segregated cities under apartheid. The everyday commuting mobilities on the township trains...
