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17 kwi 2024 · Thirty years since the end of Apartheid, South Africa still grapples with its legacy. Unequal access to education, unequal pay, segregated communities and massive economic disparities persists, much of it is reinforced by existing institutions and attitudes.
The continuing existence of long-distances between South African townships and cities signals the distortedness and fragmentation of the country’s spatial planning (Jacobs et al., 2019).. The geographical and spatial fragmentation of South African cities can be traced back to the brutal apartheid government of 1948 and colonial era ...
18 sie 2019 · 15 Citations. 50 Altmetric. Abstract. The geographical landscape in South Africa (physical, social and economic), was profoundly influenced by the policy of apartheid. This chapter analyses the rise and demise of the apartheid city and is divided into four sections.
17 maj 2017 · The first is the demographic dimension. Some 40 per cent of the South African urban population reside in a township the size of a city. Soweto has more than 1.3 million inhabitants, Botshabelo over half a million, and there are another 20 townships each with a population between 100,000 and 150,000 inhabitants.
11 lis 2021 · The apartheid-created bantustans, or “homelands”, were 10 undeveloped territories the regime carved out for particular ethnic groups. These territories’ internal borders have disappeared ...
11 cze 2021 · The apartheid policies pursued by South African governments between 1948 and 1994 were justified in terms of minimising friction between culturally distant population groups. Harmony, in so disparate a multi-racial society, was held to depend on separation.
During the Apartheid Era, from 1948 to 1994, the ruling Nationalist Party, dominated by white Afrikaaners, passed miscegenation laws, institutionalized legal segregation, formalized racial categories and restrictions on movement, and embedded apartheid physically in the landscape. Cities were designated “for whites only,” and townships ...
