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  1. By the 1890s, the Imperial Japanese Army had grown to become the most modern army in Asia: well-trained, well-equipped, and with good morale. However, it was basically an infantry force deficient in cavalry and artillery when compared with its European contemporaries.

  2. The Imperial Japanese Armed Forces (IJAF) were the unified forces of the Empire of Japan. Formed during the Meiji Restoration in 1868, [ 1 ] they were disbanded in 1945, shortly after Japan's defeat to the Allies of World War II ; the revised Constitution of Japan , drafted during the Allied occupation of Japan , replaced the IJAF with the ...

  3. Basic organisational structure. At the outbreak of the Second World War, the basic structure of the Imperial Japanese Army was as follows: Imperial Army (~230,000–250,000 men) – Commanded by Marshal HIH Prince Kan-in-Kotohito. General Army (総軍 Sō-gun equivalent to the Army Group or Front) – Commanded by a Marshal or General.

  4. Japan’s victory had exposed China’s military weakness, which the western powers were quick to exploit, placing the empire in danger of dismemberment. In January 1898 Germany secured a ninetynine-year lease on the Shandong Peninsula as a settlement for the murder of two German missionaries.

  5. Learn about the structure and functions of the Imperial Japanese Army and the Imperial Japanese Navy, the two services of the armed forces of Japan. Find out how they were organized, commanded, and coordinated with the Emperor and the government.

  6. 24 lip 2013 · A comprehensive overview of the literature on the Imperial Japanese Army (IJA) in the World War II era, covering its role, campaigns, strategies, and controversies. Find general histories, academic works, and sources on the IJA's activities in China, Russia, and the Pacific theater.

  7. Japanese society consisted of many autonomous, competing groups. The father of the Imperial Japanese Army (IJA), Yamagata Aritomo, equipped it with several advantages in this competition, allowing it to eventually seize control of the state.

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