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The 30 mm caliber is a range of autocannon ammunition. It includes the NATO standardized Swiss 30×173mm (STANAG 4624), the Soviet 30×155mmB, 30×165mm and 30×210mmB, the Czechoslovak 30×210mm, the Yugoslav 30×192mm, the British 30×113mmB, and the French 30×150mmB and 30×170mm cartridges.
The 2A42 fires 30×165mm ammunition, a cartridge introduced in the 1970s in the Soviet Union to replace previous 30 mm autocannon cartridges.
The General Electric GAU-8/A Avenger is a 30 mm hydraulically driven seven-barrel Gatling-style autocannon that is primarily mounted in the United States Air Force's Fairchild Republic A-10 Thunderbolt II.
The 2A42 is a gas double belt feed gas operated weapon. It is electrically powered and requires external power. The long barrel is rifled and has a double baffle muzzle brake.
Developed by General Electric, the 30mm GAU-8 ‘Avenger’ has been the primary weapon of the USAF’s A-10 Thunderbolt II for over 40 years. It is also mounted in the Goalkeeper naval close-in weapon system. The GAU-8 has 7 independent barrels with rotary-locking bolts which are mechanically actuated.
The GAU-8/A provides a reliable, high-rate-of-fire, combat-proven weapon for close air support and shipboard defense missions. Each of the gun’s seven barrels contains its own breech bolt assembly, which fires once per gun revolution.
One distinctive physical feature was the very short gun barrel, which gave the MK 108 a low muzzle velocity of 500-540 meters (1640-1770 feet) per second. The maximum rate of fire was 650 rounds per minute.
