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13 gru 2023 · Diploid human somatic cells invariably have one active X chromosome (Xa); most also have an inactive X (Xi) or a Y chromosome, and some have additional Xi or Y chromosomes.
9 sie 2024 · Here, the authors examine and discuss the functional complexity and cellular implications of X–Y pairs, homologous genes expressed in the human sex chromosomes.
All cells of XY males must suffer the consequences of a mutation in an X-chromosome-linked gene, but only that fraction of a female's cells that carry the mutation on the active X chromosome will be affected.
7 lut 2020 · Despite their shared evolutionary origin, extensive genetic decay has resulted in the human Y chromosome losing 97% of its ancestral genes while gene content and order remain highly conserved...
Introduction. The somatic cells of human females and males share 45 chromosomes: 22 pairs of autosomes and one X chromosome in the epigenetically “active” state (Xa).
30 sie 2016 · Using computer simulations, Page’s team has identified 639 genes that existed on the autosomal ancestor of the X and Y chromosomes humans shared with birds 300 million years ago. Today, the human X chromosome retains 629 of these ancestral genes.
15 kwi 2014 · Diverse molecular mechanisms are involved in upregulation of expressed genes on the active X chromosome to balance gene expression with the autosomes (which are present in two copies).
