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In order to understand the relationship between heat, work, and internal energy, we use the first law of thermodynamics. The first law of thermodynamics applies the conservation of energy principle to systems where heat and work are the methods of transferring energy into and out of the systems.
- 23.3 The Unification of Forces
As discussed earlier, the short ranges and large masses of...
- 21.3 The Dual Nature of Light
Figure 21.10 shows a comet with two prominent tails. Comet...
- 22.4 Nuclear Fission and Fusion
11 Thermal Energy, Heat, and Work. Introduction; 11.1...
- 3.2 Work, Heat, and Internal Energy
Here, we want to understand how work is done by or to a...
- 23.3 The Unification of Forces
Calculate the work, heat transfer, and internal energy change in a simple process. We discussed the concepts of work and energy earlier in mechanics. Examples and related issues of heat transfer between different objects have also been discussed in the preceding chapters.
Here, we want to understand how work is done by or to a thermodynamic system; how heat is transferred between a system and its environment; and how the total energy of the system changes under the influence of the work done and heat transfer.
These problems and solutions are designed to provide a comprehensive understanding of the first law of thermodynamics, which states that the change in internal energy of a closed system is equal to the heat added to the system minus the work done by the system.
Internal energy changes can be used to do work or transfer heat. The amount of work and heat must equal the change in internal energy.
3.4 First law of thermodynamics – internal energy The first law of thermodynamics expresses that energy is conserved, when all forms of energy, including heat, are taken into account.
Here, we want to understand how work is done by or to a thermodynamic system; how heat is transferred between a system and its environment; and how the total energy of the system changes under the influence of the work done and heat transfer.
