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4 mar 2024 · Bone consists of two main types of tissues: cortical (compact) and cancellous (trabecular or spongy) bone. Compact bone is the outer shell that surrounds the inner spongy bone. Compact bone contains cylindrical-shaped structures called osteons or Haversian systems that consist of concentric lamellae with nerves and blood vessels.
The medullary cavity has a delicate membranous lining called the endosteum (end- = “inside”; oste- = “bone”), where bone growth, repair, and remodeling occur. The outer surface of the bone is covered with a fibrous membrane called the periosteum (peri – = “around” or “surrounding”).
Osteocytes are formed from osteoclasts that have been trapped in the bony matrix that they have secreted and exist in a space called a lacuna. This restrictive space means that the osteocytes are no longer able to produce osteoid (bone tissue). The processes of an osteocyte instead stretch out, connecting to other osteocytes through canaliculi.
Osteogenic cells develop into osteoblasts. Osteoblasts are cells that make new bone. They become osteocytes, the cells of mature bone, when they get trapped in the matrix. Osteoclasts engage in bone resorption. Compact bone is dense and composed of osteons, while spongy bone is less dense and made up of trabeculae.
Bone tissue is continuously remodeled through the concerted actions of bone cells, which include bone resorption by osteoclasts and bone formation by osteoblasts, whereas osteocytes act as mechanosensors and orchestrators of the bone remodeling process.
Bone tissue (osseous tissue) is a hard and mineralized connective tissue. Bone tissue is made up of different types of bone cells. Osteoblasts and osteocytes are involved in the formation and mineralization of bone; osteoclasts are involved in the resorption of bone tissue.
Bones are organs that consist primarily of bone tissue, also called osseous tissue. Bone tissue is a type of connective tissue consisting mainly of a collagen matrix that is mineralized with calcium and phosphorus crystals.
