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11 sty 2020 · Petroleum is a fossil fuel that is formed when dead organisms – mostly zooplankton (organisms that float around in seas, oceans, and other freshwater bodies), are buried underneath sedimentary rocks. They are unable to completely decay because of the lack of oxygen.
Petroleum is also the raw material for many chemical products, including pharmaceuticals, solvents, fertilizers, pesticides, synthetic fragrances, and plastics. The industry is usually divided into three major components: upstream , midstream , and downstream .
26 kwi 2017 · Petroleum is a naturally occurring mixture of hydrocarbon and non-hydrocarbon chemical compounds originating in sedimentary rocks predominantly from the thermal alteration of once-living organic matter over time and at elevated pressure.
Petroleum is a naturally occurring complex mixture made up predominantly of carbon and hydrogen compounds, but also frequently containing significant amounts of nitrogen, sulfur, and oxygen together with smaller amounts of nickel, vanadium, and other elements.
5 lut 2013 · Composition. Petroleum contains four classes of compound: alkanes, cycloalkanes, aromatics, and heteroatomic compounds with one or more atoms of nitrogen, sulfur, and/or oxygen. In petroleum chemistry and technology, alkanes are called paraffins; cycloalkanes, naphthenes; and the heteroatomic compounds are lumped together as NSOs.
2 sty 2024 · Over time, they were buried deeper and subjected to a long process of chemical conversion by bacterial decomposition and maturing under a thickening pile of sediment. This caused the formation of liquid and gaseous hydrocarbons in the source rock.
5 dni temu · The first, or immature, stage of hydrocarbon formation is dominated by biological activity and chemical rearrangement, which convert organic matter to kerogen. This dark-coloured insoluble product of bacterially altered plant and animal detritus is the source of most hydrocarbons generated in the later stages.
