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Phosphate-buffered saline (PBS) is a buffer solution (pH ~ 7.4) commonly used in biological research. It is a water-based salt solution containing disodium hydrogen phosphate , sodium chloride and, in some formulations, potassium chloride and potassium dihydrogen phosphate .
28 sty 2019 · PBS or phosphate-buffered saline is a buffer solution that is particularly valuable because it mimic the ion concentration, osmolarity, and pH of human body fluids. In other words, it's isotonic to human solutions, so it's less likely to cause cell damage, toxicity, or unwanted precipitation in biological, medical, or biochemical research.
21 lis 2023 · Molecules made of two atoms of the same element are called diatomic molecules. Many elements form diatomic molecules, so they are among the most important simple molecules.
Metabolism has two distinct divisions: catabolism, in which the cell breaks down complex molecules to produce energy and reducing power, and anabolism, in which the cell uses energy and reducing power to construct complex molecules and perform other biological functions.
23 sie 2024 · It’s made of two layers of fat molecules (phospholipids) with their heads facing outward and their tails facing inward. J – Receptor Proteins located on the cell membrane or within the cell that bind specific signaling molecules, such as hormones or neurotransmitters, triggering a cellular response.
21 wrz 2021 · Nucleic acids are molecules made up of repeating units of nucleotides that direct cellular activities such as cell division and protein synthesis. Each nucleotide is made up of a pentose sugar, a nitrogenous base, and a phosphate group. There are two types of nucleic acids: DNA and RNA.
28 kwi 2017 · A molecule is two or more atoms bonded together to form a single chemical entity. Each atom carries a certain number of electrons that orbit around the nucleus. The nucleus consists of protons and neutrons, of different numbers in different elements.
