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Race is a categorization of humans based on shared physical or social qualities into groups generally viewed as distinct within a given society. [1] . The term came into common usage during the 16th century, when it was used to refer to groups of various kinds, including those characterized by close kinship relations. [2] .
The biologist Johan Friedrich Blumenbach (1752-1840) divided humans into ultimately five hierarchically structured races, based on people’s anatomy as well as their linguistic and psychological features (Bethencourt 2013; Gates, Jr. and Curran 2022).
*Harvard University has accepted the new Race/Ethnicity classifications mandated by the U.S. Department of Education, per its “Final Guidance on Maintaining, Collecting, and Reporting Racial and Ethnic Data to the U.S. Dept. of Ed”: http://nces.ed.gov/ipeds/Section/definitions
30 paź 2024 · Blumenbach divided humankind into five “varieties” and noted that clear lines of distinction could not be drawn between them, as they tended to blend “insensibly” into one another. His five categories included American, Malay, Ethiopian, Mongolian, and Caucasian.
30 paź 2024 · Race, the idea that the human species is divided into distinct groups on the basis of inherited physical and behavioral differences. Genetic studies in the late 20th century refuted the existence of biogenetically distinct races, and scholars now argue that ‘races’ are cultural interventions stemming from colonialism.
Racism as a policy attributes a distinct legal status to certain members of a society. Racism can be manifested inter alia in the postulation of an alleged "superior race," having more rights than others, but also as the complete or partial denial of rights to special human subgroups.
1 sty 2016 · The main human races are Caucasoid, Mongoloids (including Chinese, Japanese, Koreans, and American Indians, etc.), and Negroid. Khoisanoids or Capoids (Bushmen and Hottentots) and Pacific races (Australian aborigines, Polynesians, Melanesians, and Indonesians) may also be distinguished.
