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21 sty 2023 · Atavistic and vestigial structures are found throughout the head, neck, and spine. Some, such as human tails and branchial cysts may be clinically symptomatic. Literature reports indicate that their prevalence varies across populations.
21 sty 2023 · We provide an overview of important atavistic and vestigial structures in the head, neck, and spine that can serve as a reference for anatomists and clinical neuroscientists. We review the ...
The larynx is an organ located in the anterior neck with several important functions, including phona-tion, the cough reflex, and protection of the lower respiratory tract (Fig. 8). The muscles of the larynx can be divided into two groups: the external muscles and the internal muscles.
19 kwi 2024 · From a surgical perspective, the neck is usually divided into two triangles—the “anterior triangle” (consists of three and half triangles) and the posterior triangle (consists of two triangles). The sternocleidomastoid muscle is the key to understanding both of these triangles.
26 mar 2024 · The anterior neck muscles are a group of muscles located on the anterior aspect of the neck. They can be further subdivided into 5 groups: superficial, scalene, suprahyoid, infrahyoid and anterior vertebral (prevertebral) muscles.
30 paź 2023 · The superficial muscles are the most superficial in the anterior neck, and include the platysma and sternocleidomastoid. The suprahyoid muscles, as the name suggests, are found superior to the hyoid bone, and include the digastric, mylohyoid, geniohyoid and stylohyoid.
We review the literature on atavistic and ves-tigial anatomical structures of the head, neck, and spine that may be encountered in clinical practice. We define atavistic and vestigial structures and employ these definitions consistently when classifying anatomical structures.
