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When water evaporates, it changes from a liquid to a gas (water vapor). Water vapor takes up more space than an equal mass of liquid water. As a result, in a closed container, the vapor that forms can exert a significant amount of pressure. This pressure is known as vapor pressure.
Key Worksheet 4: Raoult’s Law Objective: To understand and apply Raoult’s law. When a nonvolatile solute is added to a liquid the vapor pressure of the resulting solution is lowered compared to the vapor pressure of the pure solvent at the same temperature. Psolution = csolvent·P0solvent
Problem #1: What is the vapor pressure of an aqueous solution that has a solute mole fraction of 0.1000? The vapor pressure of water is 25.756 mmHg at 25 °C. Solution: χ solv = 1.0000 − 0.1000 = 0.9000 <--- solv means solvent. Use Raoult's Law: P solution = (χ solv) (P solv o) x = (0.9000) (25.756) x = 23.18 mmHg (to four sig figs)
Practice problems on the colligative properties of solutions covering the freezing point depression, boiling point elevation, vapor pressure, and osmotic pressure of solutions prepared with nonelectrolytes as well as ionic compounds.
Vapor pressure lowering (Raoult's law) The vapor pressure of pure benzene (C6H6) is 100. torr at 26.1 oC. Calculate the vapor pressure of a solution containing 24.6 g of camphor (C10H16O) dissolved in 100. mL of benzene. The density of benzene is 0.877 g/mL.
Melting Line – These are the temperatures and pressures at which the solid and liquid phases are in equilibrium. Vaporization Line – These are the temperatures and pressures at which the liquid and gas phases are in equilibrium. Thus, this line gives the vapor pressure of the liquid.
13 lip 2017 · Vapor Pressure Worksheet. Vapor pressure curves of several liquids Vapor pressure (y-axis) is shown as a function of temperature for several liquids. For all, the vapor pressure increases with temperature. Shown are: (a) carbon disulfide, CS2; (b) methanol, CH3OH; (c) ethanol, CH3CH2OH; (d) water, H2O; (e) aniline, C6H5NH2.
