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“Ur-Fascism” or “Eternal Fascism: Fourteen Ways of Looking at a Blackshirt” (in Italian: Il fascismo eterno, or Ur-Fascismo) is a renowned essay authored by the Italian philosopher, novelist, and semiotician Umberto Eco.
I have always understood Eco's essay as a something aimed at promoting discussion over fascism, rather than ending it. If you look at it as a contribution to your understanding and not as a definitive definition, I think it's a pretty good one and generally worth reading.
In an 1995 essay, Umberto Eco describes the features of what he calls "Ur-Fascism". The full essay is a fascinating read, but I'm pasting the 14 main features he identifies here below. I think it's important for countries such as ours to learn the lessons of the early and mid 20th century by noticing and resisting these tendencies as they emerge.:
28 paź 2018 · The great Italian author Umberto Eco wrote an essay in 1995 reflecting on his youth in fascist Italy. In it he came up with a list of 14 attributes common to a coalescing fascist movement....
Eco’s 14 elementary characteristics of Ur-Fascism (16-29), are pithy and attended by examples. What matters to a book review is not to repeat the list, but to point out the danger that
24 lip 2016 · CHARACTERISTICS OF UR-FASCISM ACCORDING TO ECO. The Cult of Traditionalism: Don’t Let Reason Get in the Way; Eco points out the first feature of Ur-Fascism is a cult — worship — of tradition. This of course does not deny the importance of tradition itself, as I read him.
28 gru 2017 · Celebrated Italian author and scholar Umberto Eco (1932-2016) published an article in 1995 entitled Ur-Fascism. Eco grew up during the time of Mussolini. In the article, he jumps from memories of that experience to describe some varieties of fascism and other types of totalitarianism.
