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\( \gamma \) is the increment of Gibbs free energy with the increasing of surface area per unit square at CTCP, called specific surface free energy (SSFE), and it is also called surface free energy (SFE).
It is tied to the force needed to stretch a surface. It is sometimes called (mostly for solids) surface energy and defined as the work that is required to build a unit area of a particular surface. The units of surface tension are free energy per unit area, [J/m2] or force per unit length, [N/m].
Many important aspects of surface phenomena, such as faceting, wetting, and island growth, can be understood from the point of view of macroscopic thermodynamic parameters for the surface under equilibrium conditions. In this chapter we examine why the specific surface energy is always positive.
1. Definition of Surface and Bulk Free Energy. The face- and concentration-dependent surface free energy, defined as the excess energy per unit area due to the presence of a surface, must include a term correcting for the composition difference between bulk and surface, i.e. . (1)
Gibbs considered the conditions in an isothermal and isobaric system of more than one component, such as a solution, where specific components might change the number of moles. To this aim, three main parameters should be defined: the Gibbs surface free energy G
Surface free energy is defined as the free energy to create a unit area of surface on an infinite bulk solid. From: Semiconductors and Semimetals, 1998
In equation (1), the surface free energy of the solid is described by using the contant angle θY, surface tension of the liquid γ and. lv. interfacial tension between solid and liquid γsl....
