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The Imperial Council or Imperial Divan (Ottoman Turkish: ديوان همايون, romanized: Dîvân-ı Hümâyûn), was the de facto cabinet of the Ottoman Empire for most of its history.
Drawing on Ottoman fatwas (legal opinions), bureaucratic registers, sultanic decrees, and chronicles, as well as British diplomatic records, it argues that the Ottoman state actively reinterpreted its commitment to the Islamic legal tradition in order to forge the law of rebellion into a weapon against both foreign and domestic enemies.
The Sultan also assumed the title of Caliph, or supreme temporal leader, of Islam. The Ottomans claimed this title for several reasons: the two major holy sites, Mecca and Medina, were part of the Empire, and the primary goal of the government was the security of Muslims around the world, particularly the security of the Islamic pilgrimage to ...
23 mar 2024 · As the Ottoman state grew in prestige and size, its sultans deliberately set out to become patrons of science and learning, following the examples set by the Umayyad and Abbasid caliphs and other prominent Muslim leaders.
As Sultan Mehmed II conquered Constantinople (today named Istanbul) in 1453, transforming it into the new Ottoman capital, the state grew into a substantial empire, expanding deep into Europe, northern Africa and the Middle East.
The Gülhane Hatt-ı Şerif ("Supreme Edict of the Rosehouse"; French: Hatti-Chérif de Gulhané) or Tanzimât Fermânı ("Imperial Edict of Reorganization") was a proclamation by Ottoman Sultan Abdülmecid I in 1839 that launched the Tanzimât period of reforms and reorganization in the Ottoman Empire. The 125th anniversary of the edict was ...
In these areas, his authority was absolute and indivisible, comprising legislative, judicial and executive powers. Any of his decrees carried the force of law. At the same time, the Sultan, by virtue of the Islamic identity of his rule, was expected to enforce the precepts of religion.
