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The internal energy relative to the mass with unit J/kg is the specific internal energy. The corresponding quantity relative to the amount of substance with unit J/ mol is the molar internal energy .
Learn how to calculate the specific internal energy (u) of a substance from its total internal energy (U) and mass. Find the definition, formula, and example of specific internal energy in thermodynamics.
It is used to quantify, for example, stored heat and other thermodynamic properties of substances such as specific internal energy, specific enthalpy, specific Gibbs free energy, and specific Helmholtz free energy. It may also be used for the kinetic energy or potential energy of a body.
A reaction or process in which heat is transferred to a system from its surroundings is endothermic. The first law of thermodynamics states that the energy of the universe is constant. The change in the internal energy of a system is the sum of the heat transferred and the work done.
Learn how to calculate the internal energy of a system using thermodynamic tables, specific heat, and the first law of thermodynamics. See examples, definitions, and diagrams for different substances and processes.
The symbol for specific internal energy is u u and its units are [kJ /kg k J / k g]. The total internal energy of a system is U [kJ] U [k J] and is equal to m×u m × u. Because specific internal energy is a property, it is one of the variables that can be used to fix the state of a substance.
