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phase diagrams is a type of graph used to show the equilibrium conditions between the thermodynamically-distinct phases; or to show what phases are present in the material system at various T, p, and compositions. “equilibrium” is important: phase diagrams are determined by using slow cooling conditions ⇒ no information about kinetics.
• In the schematic example below, the possible phases are two solid-state polymorphs (X and Y), liquid, and gas • When P = 1, F = 2 and each phase occupies an area or field on the diagram
• Many different types of phase transitions, e.g. solid-liquid; conducting-superconducting; solid-solid • Can use chemical potential to classify phase transitions into different types using the so-called Ehrenfest Classification • Phase changes are often accompanied by changes of H and V. These changes cause abrupt
The eutectoid (eutectic-like in Greek) reaction is similar to the eutectic reaction but occurs from one solid phase to two new solid phases. Invariant point (the eutectoid) – three solid phases are in equilibrium. Upon cooling, a solid phase transforms into two other solid phases (δ ↔ γ + ε in the.
The reaction occurring in a phase diagram can be determined by identifying the invariant reaction line and finding the 'outside' and inside phases. The outside phases go to form the inside phase. From this, the form of the reaction can be written.
A reaction equation is an algebraic equation that is solely a function of the properties of the reacting materials and reaction conditions (e.g. species concentration, temperature, pressure, or type of catalyst) at any point in the system.
In this section we will examine the functional properties of the soil solid phase. The solid phase includes: rock and mineral fragments, secondary minerals, and organic materials.
