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Chapter 7. Quantum Theory and Atomic Structure • A problem arose in Rutherford’s nuclear model. A nucleus and electron attract each other; to remain apart the electron must move. • The energy of the electron’s movement must balance the energy of attraction. • Physics established that a charged particle moving in a curved
ric experiments led John Dalton to propose the first systematic atomic theory. Dalton’s theory, although crude, has stood the test of time extremely well. Once we came to “believe in” atoms, it was logical to ask: What is the nature of an atom? Does an atom have parts, and if so, what are they? In Chapter 2 we considered
1) An atom is mostly space; 2) There is a nucleus in the middle of the atom containing the protons & neutrons; 3) The electrons orbit a large distance away from the nucleus; 4) Proposes the “Solar System” model of the atom.
The Complete Model of the Atom Key Dalton’s Atomic Theory 1. All matter is made up of atoms. 2. All elements that are the same have the same mass. Different elements have different masses. 3. Atoms of different elements bond to form compounds. 4. Matter cannot be created or destroyed. rd Number of Protons = Number of Electrons Orbits or ...
Quick History of the Quantum Mechanical Model. Erwin Shrodinger: Refined the wave-particle theory proposed by de Broglie. Developed an equation that treated an electron like a wave and predicted the probable location of an electron around the nucleus called the atomic orbital.
6.1 The Schrödinger Wave Equation. There are several formalisms available to the quantum physicists. As stated in the previous chapter, the two original and independent formulations were those of Heisenberg and Schrödinger.
Schrödinger picture: Keep track of the time evolution in the states, Heisenberg picture: Keep track of the time evolution in the operators. We can label the states and operators “\(S\)” and “\(H\)” depending on the picture.
