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24 lip 2023 · The kidneys function in a wide variety of ways necessary for health. They excrete metabolic waste, regulate fluid and electrolyte balance, promote bone integrity, and more. These two bean-shaped organs interact with the cardiovascular system to maintain hemodynamic stability.
1 sty 2014 · This chapter covers functional anatomy, physiology, and pathophysiology of the renal circulation. While insights about the anatomy of the renal vasculature have evolved some, the understanding of the physiology has improved substantially.
The renal circulation supplies the blood to the kidneys via the renal arteries, left and right, which branch directly from the abdominal aorta. Despite their relatively small size, the kidneys receive approximately 20% of the cardiac output .
24 lip 2023 · The renal development, the process of urine production and excretion, and the clinical significance of the renal system will be the focus of this article. The renal system consists of the kidney, ureters, and the urethra.
The kidney is directed to excrete or retain sodium via the action of aldosterone, antidiuretic hormone (ADH, or vasopressin), atrial natriuretic peptide (ANP), and other hormones. Abnormal ranges of the fractional excretion of sodium can imply acute tubular necrosis or glomerular dysfunction.
Renal Circulation. The renal circulation is characterized by several unusual features: the kidneys receive a large percentage of the cardiac output, and the microcirculation consists of two capillary networks linked in series—the glomerular capillary loops and the peritubular capillary network.
This chapter covers functional anatomy, physiology, and pathophysiology of the renal circulation. While insights about the anatomy of the renal vasculature have evolved some, the understanding of the physiology has improved substantially.
