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View the results of the updated 2017 study on oral reading fluency (ORF) by Jan Hasbrouck and Gerald Tindal, with compiled ORF norms for grades 1-6. You’ll also find an analysis of how the 2017 norms differ from the 2006 norms.
- Fluent, Automatic Reading of Text
Beginning readers must apply their decoding skills to...
- Fluency: Instructional Guidelines and Student Activities
In tape-assisted reading, students read along in their books...
- An Introduction
Fluency develops gradually over time and through practice....
- A Fundamental Foundational Skill
Introduction. According to Professor Bridget Dalton — a...
- Jan Hasbrouck
An accessible resource to help teachers understand the...
- Role of Speech-Language Pathologists
Literacy is an essential prerequisite to students’ academic...
- Connecting With Your Child's School
Welcome to the Reading Rockets teleconference series,...
- Summer Reading and Learning
So keeping children engaged, keeping them reading, keeping...
- Fluent, Automatic Reading of Text
People think that fluency is how fast you read and actually fluency has three elements: accuracy, its rate, and its expression. [Graphics] Three Elements of Fluency: Accuracy. Rate.
Let’s cut through the buzz around fluency and review what reading fluency is, why it is essential to ensure that our students have sufficient fluency, how fluency should be assessed, and how to best provide fluency practice and support for our students. We’ll start by defining fluency.
Oral Reading Fluency (ORF) Of the various CBM measures available in reading, ORF is likely the most widely used. ORF involves having students read aloud from an unpracticed passage for one minute.
Use the rate recommendations from the table with the Fluency Practice Passages and Fluency Timed Reading assessments to help determine whether students are making progress toward or nearing grade-level standards for oral reading fluency.
Fluent reading frees cognitive resources to process meaning. Fluency in oral reading includes: Accuracy, which is reading with few errors. Reading speed is the rate at which a student reads. Prosody is the skill of reading aloud with proper intonation, phrasing, and expression (Harn & Chard, 2008).
Students who are likely to need fluency support: -have a limited vocabulary and limited background knowledge -have processing speed or attention challenges -are receiving reading intervention in other skill areas
