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This article seeks to offer a deeper historical and analytical context for understanding today’s American criminal justice system—both its rise to such a remarkable size and its stunning racial disproportionality.1 Although today’s rate of incarceration is both histori-
8 lip 2020 · Here are some, not all, of the seminal events in America's journey toward racial fairness. It shows progress that has been frustratingly slow and painfully hard-won.
Drawing on key insights from new histories in the field of American carceral studies, we trace the multifaceted ways in which policymakers and officials at all levels of government have used criminal law, policing, and imprisonment as proxies for exerting social control in predominantly black communities from the colonial era to the present.
31 paź 2016 · I examine the racial dynamics of incarceration on a state level, asking how racism and segregation have intersected with the demographics of incarceration in the United States over the last 90 years.
Beginning in the 1960s, a “law and order” rhetoric with racial undertones emerged in politics, which ultimately ushered in the era of mass incarceration and flipped the racial composition of prison in the United States from majority white at midcentury to majority black by the 1990s.
PRISON LABOR IN AMERICA: HISTORY, RACE, AND STATE POWER . Blake S. Rutherford* I. I. NTRODUCTION. Diverse forms of forced labor are not unique to the United States of America. Slavery and penal labor existed in the ancient world. 1. Serfdom was a function of premodern Europe. 2. Forced labor was carried to the New World and it
African Americans, Latinos, and indigenous populations (Hawaiian, Puerto Rican, Native American), are all represented in U. S. jails and prisons in numbers dramatically disproportionate to their representation in the population as a whole, and every non-White population is incarcerated at a rate far surpassing that of Whites.
