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20 wrz 2018 · Here we show that the phase structure of such strongly interacting matter can be decoded by analysing particle production in high-energy nuclear collisions within the framework of statistical ...
18 wrz 2024 · By smashing protons together at blinding speeds, scientists have shown that pairs of quarks display the phenomenon of quantum entanglement. The result could lead to fresh insight about one of the...
To everyone’s surprise, constituents inside the quark-gluon plasma interact strongly with the behaviour of liquid, rather than gas in which particles are free and weakly interact with each other. After being created in a heavy-ion collision, the quark-gluon plasma expands, cools down, and eventually turns into hadrons detected in experiments.
Through the strong interaction, gluons bind quarks into groups according to quantum chromodynamics (QCD), forming hadrons such as protons and neutrons. Gluons carry the color charge of the strong interaction, thereby participating in the strong interaction as well as mediating it.
9 lis 2022 · Bound states of a heavy quark and its antimatter counterpart, or “quarkonia”, such as the J/ψ (charmonium) and Υ (1S) (bottomonium), are spatially extended particles and have sizes of about 0.2 fm. They therefore probe the QGP at larger scales compared to high-energy partons.
hadrons – subatomic particles made up of quarks, which include baryons and mesons. Baryons, such as protons and neutrons, are made up of three quarks, while mesons are short-lived particles comprising a quark and an anti-quark. ‘QCD describes the properties of quarks and their interactions through gluons,’ explains Professor Miriam Fritsch of
In those first evanescent moments of extreme temperature, however, quarks and gluons were bound only weakly, free to move on their own in what’s called a quark-gluon plasma. To recreate conditions similar to those of the very early universe, powerful accelerators make head-on collisions between massive ions, such as gold or lead nuclei. In ...
