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30 cze 2022 · The authors describe four approaches to selecting a safe starting dose for humans in clinical drug trials based on interspecies scaling of clearance.
28 kwi 2021 · This review is a summary of factors affecting the drug pharmacokinetics (PK) of dogs versus humans. Identifying these interspecies differences can facilitate canine-human PK extrapolations while providing mechanistic insights into species-specific drug in vivo behavior.
dose translation between animals to humans and humans to animals expressed either in mg/kg or mg/m 2. The estimation of a safe starting dose is important to ensure the safety and tolerability of humans during phase-I clinical trials. Keywords: Starting dose, Body surface area, Dose translation, Human equivalent dose,
Dogs transmit several viral and bacterial diseases to humans. Zoonotic diseases can be transmitted to human by infected saliva, aerosols, contaminated urine or feces and direct contact with the dog. Viral infections such as rabies and norovirus and bacterial infections including Pasteurella, Salmonella, Brucella, Yersinia enterocolitica ...
27 kwi 2021 · To appreciate the canine-human differences that can affect drug absorption, distribution, metabolism, and elimination, this review provides a comparison of the physiology, drug transporter/enzyme location, abundance, activity, and specificity between dogs and humans.
The animal dose should not be extrapolated to a human equivalent dose (HED) by a simple conversion based on body weight, as was reported. For the more appropriate conversion of drug doses from animal studies to human studies, we suggest using the body surface area (BSA) normalization method.
For type-1 hypersensitivity reactions in dogs that result in facial and ocular swelling and hives, such as a bee or wasp sting or vaccine reaction, antihistamines can be beneficial and are typically recommended by veterinarians.
