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30 gru 2022 · In Figure \(\PageIndex{1}\), the left strand is 5’ to 3’ from top to bottom, and the other is 5’ to 3’ from bottom to top. From a physical standpoint, DNA molecules are negatively charged (all those phosphates), and normally a double-helix with a right-handed twist.
DNA. A molecule of DNA has two strands, composed of nucleotides, that form a double helix shape. 2. Each DNA strand is composed of nucleotides—units made up of a sugar (deoxyribose), a phosphate group, and a nitrogenous base.
The DNA molecule is a long, coiled double helix that resembles a spiral staircase. In it, two strands, composed of sugar (deoxyribose) and phosphate molecules, are connected by pairs of four molecules called bases, which form the steps of the staircase.
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DNA has two strands that twist into the shape of a spiral ladder called a helix. DNA is made up of four building blocks called nucleotides: adenine (A), thymine (T), guanine (G), and cytosine (C). The nucleotides attach to each other (A with T, and G with C) to form chemical bonds called base pairs, which connect the two DNA strands.
To put it simply, labeling the ends with 5’ and 3’ indicates the direction of the DNA strand. Every sugar in a nucleotide has 5 carbons. In this diagram they don’t write a C for every Carbon, but I have placed a blue dot to show where these carbons are.
