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Naming Oxy-ions ‣ All 20 oxy-ions have the same charge as their central atom normally prefers — except carbon and nitrogen ‣ P and S oxy-ions have 3 or 4 oxygens. ‣ C,N,Cl,Br, and I oxy-ions have 2 or 3 oxygens. ‣ The “ite” ion is always the one with less oxygens. ‣ The “ate” ion is always the one with more oxygens.
Naming Oxyanions: Oxyanions are polyatomic ions where oxygen is attached to a nonmetal and as was discussed in section 2.6.4.2.1, nonmetals of the same periodic group from homologous oxyanions. Lets look at the 4 oxyanions of bromine
Common Polyatomic Ions (Alphabetical order by ion name) NOTE:-ite ending means one less oxygen than the -ate form. PREFIXES: per- = one more oxygen than -ate hypo- = one less oxygen than –ite . Ion Name
It is important to remember the names and charges of ions before you can write the formula or name them. It is important to know how to and covert ionic formula of an ionic compound to a name and vice versa and this will help to apply solve chemical problems involving ionic compounds. Symbols or Formulas of ions: Getting name and formulas to ions:
shape of a molecule. To determine the molecular geometry: • Draw the Lewis structure • Count the number of electron pairs (bond pairs and lone pairs but count multiple bonds as one pair) • Arrange electron pairs to minimise repulsion • Position the atoms to minimise the lone pair - lone pair repulsion if > 1 lone pair
Interactive periodic table showing names, electrons, and oxidation states. Visualize trends, 3D orbitals, isotopes, and mix compounds. Fully descriptive writeups.
Much of what we know and can predict about the properties of an atom can be derived from the number and arrangement of its electrons and the energies of its orbitals, including its size, and the types and number of bonds it will form, among many other properties. Chapter Outline . 7.1 Electron Spin and Magnetism. 7.2 Orbital Energy.
