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We continue our discussion of structure and bonding by introducing the valence-shell electron-pair repulsion (VSEPR) model (pronounced “vesper”), which can be used to predict the shapes of many molecules and polyatomic ions.
Naming Oxyanions: Oxyanions are polyatomic ions where oxygen is attached to a nonmetal and as was discussed in section 2.6.4.2.1, nonmetals of the same periodic group from homologous oxyanions. Lets look at the 4 oxyanions of bromine
30 cze 2023 · The hydroxonium ion, H 3 O + Oxygen is in group 6 - so has 6 outer electrons. Add 1 for each hydrogen, giving 9. Take one off for the +1 ion, leaving 8. This gives 4 pairs, 3 of which are bond pairs. The hydroxonium ion is isoelectronic with ammonia, and has an identical shape - pyramidal.
Interactive periodic table showing names, electrons, and oxidation states. Visualize trends, 3D orbitals, isotopes, and mix compounds. Fully descriptive writeups.
Naming Oxy-ions ‣ All 20 oxy-ions have the same charge as their central atom normally prefers — except carbon and nitrogen ‣ P and S oxy-ions have 3 or 4 oxygens. ‣ C,N,Cl,Br, and I oxy-ions have 2 or 3 oxygens. ‣ The “ite” ion is always the one with less oxygens. ‣ The “ate” ion is always the one with more oxygens.
Molecular Geometries. The VSEPR theory describes five main shapes of simple molecules: linear, trigonal planar, tetrahedral, trigonal bipyramidal, and octahedral. LEARNING OBJECTIVES. Apply the VSEPR model to determine the geometry of molecules where the central atom contains one or more lone pairs of electrons. KEY TAKEAWAYS. Key Points.
Oxygen. Formula: O 2. Molecular weight: 31.9988. IUPAC Standard InChI:InChI=1S/O2/c1-2 Copy. IUPAC Standard InChIKey:MYMOFIZGZYHOMD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Copy. CAS Registry Number: 7782-44-7. Chemical structure: This structure is also available as a 2d Mol file or as a computed 3d SD file The 3d structure may be viewed using Java or Javascript.
