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Initial testing by immunoassay (IA); confirmation of positives by mass spectrometry (MS)
Nicotine and Cotinine, Urine - This assay is used for the detection of nicotine and cotinine in urine to determine the tobacco exposure status of the individual. Nicotine has a short half-life of approximately forty minutes; its presence may indicate recent tobacco exposure.
This test is designed to evaluate recent use of nicotine-containing products. Passive and active exposure cannot be discriminated definitively, although a cutoff of 100 ng/mL cotinine is frequently used for surgery qualification purposes.
This assay is used for the detection of nicotine and cotinine in urine to determine the tobacco exposure status of the individual. Nicotine has a short half-life of approximately forty minutes; its presence may indicate recent tobacco exposure.
Patients using tobacco products excrete nicotine in urine in the concentration range of 1000 to 5000 ng/mL. Cotinine accumulates in urine in proportion to dose and hepatic metabolism (which is genetically determined); most tobacco users excrete cotinine in the range of 1000 to 8000 ng/mL.
Nornicotine is present as an alkaloid in tobacco products and as a metabolite of nicotine. The presence of anabasine (>10 ng/mL) or nornicotine (>30 ng/mL) in urine indicates current tobacco use, irrespective of whether the subject is on nicotine replacement therapy.
This assay is used for the detection of nicotine and cotinine in urine to determine the tobacco exposure status of the individual. Nicotine has a short half-life of approximately forty minutes; its presence may indicate recent tobacco exposure.
