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a better definition of energy is the one given by the English Wikipedia: “Energy is the quantitative property that is transferred to a body or to a physical system, recognizable in the performance of work and in the form of heat and light”.
After completing this chapter, you will be able to: Explain that energy provides the ability to do work and can exist in different forms. Identify different forms of energy with examples. Differentiate between kinetic and potential energy. Demonstrate how one form of energy can be converted into other form of energy.
Heat is the flow of energy from one object to another. This flow of energy is caused by a difference in temperature. The transfer of heat can change temperature, as can work, another kind of energy transfer that is central to thermodynamics.
identify conventional and non-conventional sources of energy used in India; distinguish between renewable and non-renewable sources of energy; describe various types of sources of energy e.g. fossil fuels, water, wind, biomass, sea, geothermal, nuclear energy; recognise that the sun is the ultimate source of energy;
The energy is released in the form of heat, which is used to produce steam, which turns turbines to produce electricity. Photovoltaic cells in solar panels convert sunlight directly into electricity, which is then stored in batteries. Moving air (wind) is used to turn turbines directly and thus generate electricity.
energy source. It provided heat and light for the first humans; and then humans discovered fire started from lightning. Early explorers captured wind energy to sail their ships, and grind their grain with windmills. Later people started using energy from water motion in water wheels to grind grain. Early Egyptians burned oil and animal fat
þ Describe the sources and effects of heat. þ Explain thermal expansion of solids, liquids and gases. þ Explore the effects and applications of expansion and contraction of solids.
