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Mountain ecosystem, complex of living organisms in mountainous areas. Mountain lands provide a scattered but diverse array of habitats in which a large range of plants and animals can be found. At higher altitudes harsh environmental conditions generally prevail, and a treeless alpine vegetation,
Alpine plants occur in a tundra: a type of natural region or biome that does not contain trees. Alpine tundra occurs in mountains worldwide. It transitions to subalpine forests below the tree line; stunted forests occurring at the forest-tundra ecotone are known as Krummholz.
The book explains why the topography driven exposure of plants to dramatic micro-climatic gradients over very short distances causes alpine biodiversity to be particularly robust against climatic change. Geographically, this book draws on examples from all parts of the world, including the tropics.
Mountains in north temperate regions, such as those of North America, Europe, and northern Asia, generally have conifer-dominated forest on their lower slopes that gives way to alpine vegetation above. Typical conifers in these mountain regions are pines (Pinus), firs (Abies), spruces (Picea), and the deciduous larches (Larix).
10 sty 2012 · Here we use 867 vegetation samples above the treeline from 60 summit sites in all major European mountain systems to show that ongoing climate change gradually transforms mountain plant...
28 paź 2014 · Apart from an almost exclusive focus on plant diversity, it covers different aspects of mountain biodiversity: the main mountain regions of the world; vegetation zones from montane forest to alpine vegetation; genetic, species, functional, and habitat diversity; and land use, climate change, and biodiversity conservation.
15 gru 2020 · Traditional ecological monitoring techniques were important early on, but remote sensing has become the primary method for assessment. A key book on alpine plants, the IPCC reports and a few papers in leading journals underpin much of the research.
