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These basic events of mitosis include chromosome condensation, formation of the mitotic spindle, and attachment of chromosomes to the spindle microtubules. Sister chromatids then separate from each other and move to opposite poles of the spindle, followed by the formation of daughter nuclei.
Cell division occurs during M phase, which consists of nuclear division (mitosis) followed by cytoplasmic division (cytokinesis). The DNA is replicated in the preceding S phase; the two copies of each replicated chromosome (called sister chromatids) remain glued together by cohesins.
M phase is characterised by the enormous changes in the cytoskeleton, their assembly and breakdown, which serve to split the cytoplasm and replicate the genome into two parts. The M phase is divided into mitosis and cytokinesis, and the mitotic phase by itself has five subphases.
M (mitosis) phase: This is the phase in which cell division occurs. Figure 08-01 shows an overview of the stages of the cell cycle. Collectively, we consider G 1, S, and G 2 to be interphase (i.e., the phases “in between” M phase). Figure 08-01: The four stages of the cell cycle.
We learned that a critical part of the cell cycle is the M phase, in which mitosis and cytokinesis occur. Mitosis is the process of duplicated chromosomes being aligned, separated, and moving into two new, identical daughter nuclei. Today we will dive into the details of mitosis and cytokinesis.
In eukaryotic cells, the cell cycle includes four conventional phases: Gap phase 1 (G1); DNA synthesis phase (S); Gap phase 2 (G2), during which the cell prepares itself for division; and mitosis phase (M), during which the chromosomes separate and the cell divides.
Cell Cycle M Phase refers to the stage in the cell cycle where the division of DNA and cellular proteins occurs, leading to the formation of two daughter cells before returning to the resting phase. AI generated definition based on: The Clinician's Handbook of Natural Medicine (Third Edition), 2016
