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The Law of Reflection. Angles are measured between the wave direction (ray) and a line at 90 degrees to the boundary. The angle of the wave approaching the boundary is called the angle of incidence (i). The angle of the wave leaving the boundary is called the angle of reflection (r).
This article is an introduction to the physics of waves as it relates to sound propagation. While it does not require a background in physics to understand, it is assumed that the reader has at least high school level linear algebra, calculus, and trigonometry.
Summary notes, revision videos and past exam questions by topic for CAIE IGCSE Physics Topic 3 - Properties of Waves including Light and Sound.
What is sound? It’s the wave that is created by vibrating objects and propagated through an elastic medium from one location to another. Air is an example of elastic medium. Elasticity of the medium increased as the distant between the molecules decreased.
2 CHAPTER 1. NATURE OF LIGHT 1.1 Light – Wave or stream of particles? Answer: Yes! As we’ll see below, there is experimental evidence for both interpretations, although they seem contradictory. 1.1.1 What is a wave? More familiar types of waves are sound, or waves on a surface of water. In both cases, there is a
Sound waves are longitudinal waves created by vibrating sources. A medium is needed to transmit sound waves (such as air). The greater the amplitude of a sound wave, the louder it is. The greater the frequency of a sound wave, the higher its pitch. To measure the speed of sound in air, you can make a noise at a known, large distance from a
The spectrum of light is the primary link between optics and atomic physics and other sciences such as astrophysics. The basis for almost all instruments for spectral analysis is, again, interference.
