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Scientists call this balance “hydrostatic equilibrium”. There are two main forces acting in a star: Gravitational contraction: it is due to the higher layers, this force pushes mass to the center. Radiation pressure: it is produced by the inner layers, and it forces material upwards.
THE STARS AND THE SUN Contents INTRODUCTION 1 CHAPTER 13A TOUR OF THE SOLAR SYSTEM 3 Neil McBride and David A. Rothery 1.1 A grand tour 3 1.2 The formation of the Solar System 23 1.3 The layout of the Solar System 24 1.4 Physical properties of Solar System bodies 26 1.5 Summary of Chapter 1 29 CHAPTER 23THE INTERNAL STRUCTURE OF THE TERRESTRIAL ...
• Red supergiant star has nuclear fusion reactions in layers. Heavier elements are formed in the inner layers, lighter elements in the outer layers. • Stars produce chemical elements up to iron (nucleosynthesis) H → He He → C,O C → Ne,Mg Ne → O,Mg O → Si Si → Ni,Fe BigI
The different transport mechanisms of high-mass, intermediate-mass and low-mass stars. Different layers of the stars transport heat up and outwards in different ways, primarily convection and radiative transfer, but thermal conduction is important in white dwarfs.
Fusion during the giant phases of stellar evolution produces elements like carbon, oxygen, and silicon that may be cycled toward the outer layers of the star. For the most massive stars, neutrons from fusion bombard atoms in the star to make yet more elements, including technetium, a rapidly-decaying element that doesn’t exist naturally on Earth.
Beyond the convection zone are the three outer layers of a star. These layers make up a star’s atmosphere. The photosphere is the apparent surface of a star. In the Sun, it is the dense, bright part you can see, where light energy radiates into space. From Earth, the Sun’s photosphere looks smooth. But like the rest of the Sun, it is made ...
5 gru 2017 · Stars are fueled by the nuclear fusion of hydrogen to form helium deep in their interiors. The outflow of energy from the central regions of the star provides the pressure necessary to keep the star from collapsing under its own weight, and the energy by which it shines. Main Sequence Stars
