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Introduction. Voice over Internet Protocol (VoIP) is a technology that makes it possible for users to make telephone calls over the internet or intranet networks. The technology does not use the traditional Public Switched Telephone Network (PSTN); instead calls are made over an internet protocol data network.
Since the late 90's IP telephony, commonly referred to as Voice over IP (VoIP), has been presented as a revolution on communications enabling the possibility to converge historically separated voice and data networks, reducing costs, and integrating voice, data and video on applications.
To help you understand VoIP networks, Voice over IP Fundamentals provides a thorough introduction to the basics of VoIP.Voice over IP Fundamentals explains how a basic IP telephony infrastructure is built and works today, major concepts concerning voice and data networking, and transmission of voice over data networks.
VoIP has been found to be capable of delivering effective voice calls. However, current solutions require careful network engineering at present to provide sustained voice quality.
VoIP as a packet switched system is clearly one of the most important evolving trends in computing and telecommunications. However, just like many other new Information technology trends, VoIP introduces both security risks and opportunities for the IT world, viable solutions of which are required.
Some of the current protocols include SIP, IAX, H.323,MEGACO, and MGCP. Let’s look at some details of the first three, as they may be the ones you are most likely to encounter. SIP, or Session Initiation Protocol, is the most commonly used VoIP protocol and was developed by the Internet Engineering Task Force (IETF).
It describes VoIP fundamentals and network architecture, then explains key VoIP protocols like SIP, RTP, and their components. The document also compares SIP to H.323, illustrates SIP message types and call flows, and discusses SIP trunking.
