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An electrical insulator is a material in which electric current does not flow freely. The atoms of the insulator have tightly bound electrons which cannot readily move. Other materials—semiconductors and conductors—conduct electric current more easily.
16 sie 2021 · Define conductor and insulator, explain the difference, and give examples of each. Describe three methods for charging an object. Explain what happens to an electric force as you move farther from the source. Define polarization.
In a conductor, electric current can flow freely, in an insulator it cannot. Metals such as copper typify conductors, while most non-metallic solids are said to be good insulators, having extremely high resistance to the flow of charge through them.
Dynamic electricity, or electric current, is the uniform motion of electrons through a conductor. Static electricity is unmoving (if on an insulator), accumulated charge formed by either an excess or deficiency of electrons in an object.
28 gru 2020 · Materials can be good conductors or bad conductors of electrical current, and thus serve as either conductive materials or insulating materials. The main determinant of conductivity between substances is valence electron character; within materials, cooler generally means higher conductivity.
In an insulator, electrons completely fill the valence band; and the gap between it and the next band, which is the conduction band, is large. The electrons cannot move under the influence of an electric field unless they are given enough energy to cross the large energy gap to the conduction band.
We think of electricity as the energy we use to power appliances in our homes and also as the bolt of lightning in a storm. In all cases, electricity involves electrons either moving from place to place in materials called conductors or building up on surfaces called insulators.
