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Learning Objectives. By the end of this section, you will be able to: Explain what an impulse is, physically. Describe what an impulse does. Relate impulses to collisions. Apply the impulse-momentum theorem to solve problems. We have defined momentum to be the product of mass and velocity.
Collisions. In this lecture, we will consider the equations that result from integrating Newton’s second law, F = ma, in time. This will lead to the principle of linear impulse and momentum.
Before and after collision, all velocities are along the x direction and one of the two bodies is at rest before the collision. The mass m A is moving towards right while mass m B at rest . The index 1: before collision, 2: after collision. Find the velocity of each object. • From momentum conservation
Describe momentum, what can change momentum, impulse, and the impulse-momentum theorem; Describe Newton’s second law in terms of momentum ; Solve problems using the impulse-momentum theorem
Explain what an impulse is, physically; Describe what an impulse does; Relate impulses to collisions; Apply the impulse-momentum theorem to solve problems
Impulse is defined as the product of average force close force A push or a pull. The unit of force is the newton (N). and time of contact for a collision: \(\text{impulse} = F\times t\)
Impulse The impulse J of a force is defined as the change in momentum Δp caused by that force. From Newton’s Second Law, if F is constant F = Δp/Δt Then F Δt = Δp = J Example: 1.0 kg object falls under gravity. Calculate the impulse the object experiences due to its weight after falling for 10 s. KJF §9.1 [98 kg m s–1 downwards]
