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For hundreds of years, the Iban's ancestors practiced their own traditional custom and pagan religious system. European Christian colonial invaders, after the arrival of James Brooke , led to the influence of European missionaries and conversions to Christianity .
The Iban religion involves worshiping and honouring at least four categories of beings, i.e. Bunsu Petara (the supreme god), and his seven deities (the divine people of Tansang Kenyalang), the holy spirits of Orang Panggau Libau and Gelong, the ghost spirits (Bunsu Antu) and the souls of dead ancestors.
Ibans (Bornean people) This is an ethnographic account of '…Iban behavior, the religious beliefs which are the basis for their way of life, the framework within which these exist, and the ends to which they are directed' (p. 5).
supernaturally-caused misfortune. From the perspective that religious behaviour involves communication among the living within the context of important social relationships, this article examines ancestor worship and the violation of mourning taboos among Iban in West Kalimantan, Indonesia.
Iban religion is a product of a holistic approach to life, in which attention is paid to all events in the waking and sleeping states. The religion involves an all-embracing causality, born of the Iban conviction that "nothing happens without cause."
The Iban people adhere to a traditional belief system known as Iban religion, with elements of animism, ancestor worship, and a complex pantheon of gods and spirits. Their cosmology consists of three realms: the Upperworld, the Middleworld, and the Underworld.
28 gru 2023 · In this paper, we describe one such society, the Iban, whose religious practices are often claimed to not include the worship of ancestors, despite ancestors being central to their religion.
