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26 sie 2023 · A chemical bond is an attraction between atoms that allows the formation of chemical substances that contain two or more atoms. The bond is caused by the electrostatic force of attraction between opposite charges, either between electrons and nuclei, or as the result of a dipole attraction.
Compounds composed of ions are called ionic compounds (or salts), and their constituent ions are held together by ionic bonds: electrostatic forces of attraction between oppositely charged cations and anions. The properties of ionic compounds shed some light on the nature of ionic bonds.
Determination. [edit] The molecular geometry can be determined by various spectroscopic methods and diffraction methods. IR, microwave and Raman spectroscopy can give information about the molecule geometry from the details of the vibrational and rotational absorbance detected by these techniques.
Ionic Bonding. Covalent Bonding. Lewis Symbols and Structures. Formal Charges and Resonance. Strengths of Ionic and Covalent Bonds. Molecular Structure and Polarity. It has long been known that pure carbon occurs in different forms (allotropes) including graphite and diamonds.
A molecule consists of a central atom chemically bonded to several side atoms, resulting in a well-defined shape and a finite bond angle [1-4]. Molecular geometry is vital in chemistry to determine a substance’s physical and chemical properties, like color, reactivity, polarity, and state of matter.
Molecular Geometries. The VSEPR theory describes five main shapes of simple molecules: linear, trigonal planar, tetrahedral, trigonal bipyramidal, and octahedral. LEARNING OBJECTIVES. Apply the VSEPR model to determine the geometry of molecules where the central atom contains one or more lone pairs of electrons. KEY TAKEAWAYS. Key Points.
explain why & how bonds form and the resulting observed molecular geometries. There are two basic theories: 1) Valence Bond theory 2) Molecular Orbital (MO) theory Both use the idea of orbital overlap to create bonds. The main difference is when orbitals are allowed to merge. 48
