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Heart sounds result from vibrations created by the closure of the heart valves. There are at least two; the first (S1) is produced when the atrioventricular valves (tricuspid and mitral) close at the beginning of systole and the second (S2) when the aortic valve and pulmonary valve (semilunar valves) close at the end of systole. [4]
27 kwi 2018 · The mechanical activity of heart due to its physical movement produces four distinct sounds or beats which are named as first normal heart sound (S1), second normal heart sound (S2), third abnormal heart sound (S3), and fourth abnormal heart sound (S4).
The first heart sound (S 1) contains two components: the mitral valve closure sound (M 1) and the tricuspid valve closure sound (T 1). The second heart sound (S 2 ) contains two components: the aortic valve closure sound (A 2 ) followed by the pulmonary valve closure sound (P 2 ).
A phonocardiogram (PCG) plots recordings of a heart sound and murmur during the cardiac cycle, and analysis of a PCG signal is useful in detecting abnormalities of a heart by using time-frequency analysis and classifications of the heart signals (Milani, Emeroylariffion, Silva, & Nanayakkara, 2021).
Si multaneous high frequency (HF) phonocardiograms from the pulmonary (PA) and mitral (MA) areas, indirect carotid pulse tracing (CAR) and electrocardiogram. During inspiration, the second sound (2) in the pulmonary area is split by 0.04 second, becoming single on expiration.
12 cze 2016 · Phonocardiography is a diagnostic technique that graphically records cardiac acoustic phenomena. 10 Visualization of heart sounds may help in understanding cardiac events (Fig. 2–1). A visual record may also help an inexperienced listener recognize and classify auscultatory findings.
4 mar 2016 · The phonocardiogram (PCG) is the graphical representation of a heart sound recording. Figure 1 illustrates a short section of a PCG recording. Figure 1. A PCG (center tracing), with simultaneously recorded ECG (lower tracing) and the four states of the PCG recording; S1, Systole, S2 and Diastole.
