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Purpose. This test is commonly used to identify possible subacromial impingement syndrome. Technique. The examiner places the patient's arm shoulder in 90 degrees of shoulder flexion with the elbow flexed to 90 degrees and then internally rotates the arm. The test is considered to be positive if the patient experiences pain with internal rotation.
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- Infraspinatus Test
Evidence [edit | edit source]. The infraspinatus test showed...
- Subacromial Pain Syndrome
The combination of the Hawkins-Kennedy Test, the Painful Arc...
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The Hawkins Test (also knows as the Hawkins Kennedy Test) is one of the most common special tests used in orthopedic physical assessment and examination of the shoulder. The test is very simple to conduct and is quite reliable.
Hawkins-Kennedy: Sensitivity (SN): .63 (.39–.86) Specificity (SP): .62 (.46–.77), Likelihood ratio (+LR): 1.63 (.94–2.81) Testing: Shoulder is flexed to 90 degrees and then internally rotated with elbow flexed to 90 degrees. Positive Test: Pain with IR.
Hawkins-Kennedy Test To perform this test both the elbow and the shoulder should be flexed at 90°. The examiner must support the arm of the patient at the level of the elbow so that the upper extremity can be as much relaxed as possible.
The Hawkins Kennedy test is used to identify subacromial impingement of the supraspinatus tendon. This test is often used in combination with the Painful Arc Sign and Infraspinatus muscle test as a combination test for impingement.
The Hawkins–Kennedy Test is a test used in the evaluation of orthopedic shoulder injury. It was first described in the 1980s by Canadians R. Hawkins and J. Kennedy, and a positive test is most likely indicative of damage to the tendon of the supraspinatus muscle .
2 mar 2022 · A positive result appliying the Hawkins-Kennedy test occurs when pain appears with the shoulder and elbow at 90° flexion and forced shoulder internal rotation , suggesting subacromial impingement . Combining the Hawkins-Kennedy and Painful Arc Tests yields better post-test probability for any degree of impingement syndrome [ 14 ].
