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30 paź 2023 · The cardiac cycle is defined as a sequence of alternating contraction and relaxation of the atria and ventricles in order to pump blood throughout the body. It starts at the beginning of one heartbeat and ends at the beginning of another.
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17 sie 2023 · The cardiac conduction system is a network of specialized cardiac muscle cells that initiate and transmit the electrical impulses responsible for the coordinated contractions of each cardiac cycle.
12 wrz 2023 · Function. The main function of the circulatory (or cardiovascular) system is to deliver oxygen to the body tissues, whilst simultaneously removing carbon dioxide produced by metabolism. Oxygen is bound to molecules called haemoglobin that are on the surface of the red blood cells in the blood.
23 lut 2023 · The pacemaker cells create electrical signals by the movement of electrolytes (sodium, potassium, and calcium ions) into and out of the cells. For each cardiac cycle, an electrical signal rapidly travels first from the sinoatrial node to the right and left atria so they contract together.
Blood Vessels. Blood vessels are tubes throughout our body that carry the blood. There are two main types of blood vessels: arteries and veins. Arteries carry blood from the heart to the rest of the body. Arteries have to be thick and strong as there is more pressure on them from the heart.
The semilunar valves stop the back flow of blood into the heart. There is a semilunar valve where the aorta leaves the left ventricle and another where the pulmonary artery leaves the right...