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Nomenclature of Organic Chemistry. IUPAC Recommendations and Preferred Names 2013. Prepared for publication by Henri A. Favre and Warren H. Powell, Royal Society of Chemistry, ISBN 978-0-85404-182-4. School of Biological and Chemical Sciences, Queen Mary University of London, Mile End Road, London, E1 4NS, UK.
There are fundamentally two types of nomenclature: (1) substitutive nomenclature, the principal nomenclature used in organic chemistry and the basis of IUPAC preferred organic names; and (2) additive nomenclature used in inorganic chemistry for generating coordination names.
construction of names and formulae from units that are manipulated in accordance with defined procedures in order to provide information on composition and structure.
The following steps are taken in naming an alkane with a branched chain: (a) Find the longest continuous carbon chain and select the appropriate alkane name from Table 1. (Side chains are not included in the carbon count.) (b) Name all of the side chains (carbon chains attached to the longest chain) and list them in alphabetical order.
The Rules for Organic Chemistry were first issued in Geneva in 1892. They were followed by the Liége Rules in 1930 and the IUPAC rules in 1957 (Sections A and B), 1969 (Sections A, B, and C) codified as the Blue Book, and 1979 (Sections A, B, C, D, E, F, and H).
organic-chemical compounds. It is used mainly for compounds of carbon and elements of Groups 13–17. For naming purposes, a chemical compound is treated as a combination of a parent compound (Section 5) and characte.
functional groups are groups of atoms in organic molecules that are responsible for the characteristic chemical reactions of those molecules. IN THE GENERAL FORMULAE BELOW, ‘R’ REPRESENTS A HYDROCARBON GROUP OR HYDROGEN, AND ‘X’ REPRESENTS ANY HALOGEN ATOM.
