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19 paź 2019 · The German word 'reich' means 'empire,' although it can also be translated as "government." In 1930s Germany, the Nazi party identified their rule as a Third Reich and, in doing so, gave English speakers around the world a wholly negative connotation to the word.
21 kwi 2024 · The Second Reich began with the unification of Germany under Prussian leadership in 1871, following the Franco-Prussian War. Otto von Bismarck , the Prussian Chancellor, masterminded the unification through diplomatic genius and military might, culminating in the proclamation of the German Empire in the Hall of Mirrors at the Palace of Versailles.
German Reich (lit. ' German Empire, German Realm ' from German: Deutsches Reich, pronounced [ˌdɔʏtʃəs ˈʁaɪç] ⓘ) was the constitutional name for the German nation state that existed from 18 January 1871 to 5 June 1945.
The German Empire enacted a number of progressive reforms, such as Europe's first social welfare system and freedom of press. There was also a modern system for electing the federal parliament, the Reichstag, in which every adult man had one vote.
1 gru 2011 · It began in the 1490s, when the Emperor Maximilian I and the German princes and cities carved out a two-tier system of government based on the concept of Kaiser und Reich. At one level, the Emperor provided governance in negotiation with the princes through the diet, the Reichstag .
On 9 November 1918, Philipp Scheidemann, of the Social Democrats, proclaimed the Republic from a window in the Reichstag building, thereby completing the constitutional transformation. The German Empire was characterised by modernism and traditionalism.
governmental actors participated in the political system. The first part of this paper examines the early years of the Nazi regime and seeks to identify the structural factors that subsequently contributed to decen-tralization. The second part of the paper examines how the Four Year Plan,
