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Some processes result in a decrease in the entropy of a system ΔS <0 Δ S <0: A gas molecule dissolved in a liquid is much more confined by neighboring molecules than when its in the gaseous state. Thus, the entropy of the gas molecule will decrease when it is dissolved in a liquid.
When a gas expands into a vacuum, its entropy increases because the increased volume allows for greater atomic or molecular disorder. The greater the number of atoms or molecules in the gas, the greater the disorder.
For example, melting a block of ice means taking a highly structured and orderly system of water molecules and converting it into a disorderly liquid in which molecules have no fixed positions. There is a large increase in entropy in the process. Entropy of Ice: When ice melts, it becomes more disordered and less structured. The systematic ...
30 lis 2023 · In the latter example, thermodynamic entropy increases when hot coffee is poured into a thermos. When that heat energy gradually lessens, it's actually another entropy increase -- since a heat transfer is dispersing beyond the thermos.
21 sie 2023 · Figure \(\PageIndex{4}\): The entropy of a substance increases (ΔS > 0) as it transforms from a relatively ordered solid, to a less-ordered liquid, and then to a still less-ordered gas. The entropy decreases (ΔS < 0) as the substance transforms from a gas to a liquid and then to a solid.
28 lis 2021 · Some phase changes between the states of matter are examples of increasing entropy, while others demonstrate decreasing entropy. A block of ice increases in entropy as it melts from a solid into a liquid. Ice consists of water molecules bonded to each other in a crystal lattice.
For processes involving an increase in the number of microstates, Wf > Wi, the entropy of the system increases, Δ S > 0. Conversely, processes that reduce the number of microstates, Wf < Wi, yield a decrease in system entropy, Δ S < 0.
