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The functional unit of the thyroid gland is the follicle, a roughly spherical group of cells arranged around a protein-rich storage material called colloid. The follicular cells are orientated with their bases near the capillary blood supply and the apices abutting the colloid.
The Thyroid Follicle. The thyroid gland displays a peculiar, highly-organized architecture characterized by the presence of spheroidal structures known as follicles. The follicles are supported by an interfollicular extracellular matrix and a capillary network.
6 lis 2024 · Below are the major functions of the thyroid gland in detail. Production and Release of Thyroid Hormones. The thyroid gland produces two key hormones: thyroxine (T4) and triiodothyronine (T3). These hormones are synthesized in the follicular cells of the thyroid and are stored in the form of thyroglobulin within the thyroid follicles.
Thyroid follicular cells (also called thyroid epithelial cells or thyrocytes [1]) are the major cell type in the thyroid gland, and are responsible for the production and secretion of the thyroid hormones thyroxine (T 4) and triiodothyronine (T 3).
The anterior pituitary secretes TSH, which regulates multiple steps in thyroid hormone production: (1) growth of the follicles, (2) iodine uptake, and (3) iodination of thyroid hormone by the secretory epithelial cells.
5 gru 2022 · Localization of endogenous thyroperoxidase in thyroid follicles acts as an indicator of iodination during the synthesis of the thyroid hormones. Cytochemical staining of C and oxyphil cells serve as diagnostic markers for tumor, teratoma, and cyst formation in the thyroid gland.
1 kwi 2014 · The unique microvascular architecture in the thyroid, with basket-like capillary networks organized around each follicle ( Fig. 1A) ( 16 ), supports the concept that the follicle, rather than a lobe or a lobule as in many other endocrine organs, constitutes the basic functional unit of the thyroid.
