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Directions: Read the following and answer the questions in complete sentences. DNA is the molecule of heredity – it determines an organism’s traits and characteristics. But how, exactly, does it do this? It does so by providing the instructions for making proteins!
12. What characteristic allows tRNA to separate from mRNA at the ribosome? 13. Why would tRNA get recycled for use in future translation? 14. Which mRNA codon is now located in the A site? 15. Which tRNA need to be “recycled”? 16. Why did the tRNA for the second histidine NOT need to be recycled? 17. What occurs at the mRNA codon UAG?
Sample exam questions: DNA, transcription, and translation 1. The base composition of a virus was found to be 11% A, 32% G, 18% U and 39% C. It this a DNA or RNA virus? How can you tell? Is it single-stranded or double-stranded? How can you tell? 2. Which of these DNA fragments will have a higher melting temperature? (circle one)
• The tRNA molecules bring the amino acids to the ribosome in an order determined by the codon sequence • The ribosome moves along the mRNA, joining the amino acids together via peptide bonds • Translation of a polypeptide begins at a START codon (AUG) and is terminated at a STOP codon
Step 1. = Initiation where small ribosome subunit binds to start codon of mRNA, the initiator tRNA binds complimentary to the mRNA's start codon and then the large ribosomal subunit binds to the complex such that the initiator tRNA is located in the P site of the ribosome.
A mutation is found in a tRNA-encoding gene. The wild type allele produces a tRNA that recognizes the codon GAA, and is charged with the amino acid Glutamic acid. The mutant tRNA is still charged with Glu, but the anticodon is mutated such that it recognizes the codon TAA. What effect will this have on translation in these cells?
Directions: Use your notes and book to answer the following questions concerning Replication, Transcription, and Protein Synthesis. 1. Define the following terms: a. Replication- b. Transcription- 2. Break the following DNA sequence into triplets. (Draw a line to separate triplets) 3.
