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30 paź 2023 · Pathway. The pathway of the accessory nerve can be subdivided into several components. The nerve has an intracranial course, a brief passage through a foramen, and an extracranial course. The extracranial course can be further subdivided into the course in the anterior, and then in the posterior, triangles of the neck.
16 kwi 2018 · The accessory nerve (Fig. 1), named after Thomas Willis (Willis, 1965) cranial nerve XI, innervates the sternocleidomastoid (SCM) and trapezius muscles.
In this review, the evolutionary history of CN XI and its phylogenetic relationship to CN X, the vagus nerve, are considered in light of these recent investigations to provide a fuller anatomical picture of the CN XI.
22 maj 2017 · The eleventh cranial nerve, the spinal accessory nerve (CN XI), is the only cranial nerve whose origins must be searched for outside the foramen magnum at the level of the cervical spinal level. Its anatomical course, function, pathology and major clinical syndromes are described.
17 lip 2023 · The accessory spinal nerve or XI cranial nerve is essential for neck and shoulder movement, the intrinsic musculature of the larynx, and the sensitive afferences of the trapezius and sternocleidomastoid musculature.
12 paź 2023 · The accessory nerve is the eleventh paired cranial nerve. It has a purely somatic motor function, innervating the sternocleidomastoid and trapezius muscles. In this article, we shall look at the anatomy of the accessory nerve – its anatomical course, motor functions and clinical correlations.
A recent report of three cases of dissociated weakness of the sternocleidomastoid and trapezius muscles has provided insight into the neuroanatomy of the spinal accessory nerve (Manon-Espaillat and Ruff, 1988). The following comments are based upon these cases in addition to previous anatomical findings.
