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30 paź 2023 · Pathway. The pathway of the accessory nerve can be subdivided into several components. The nerve has an intracranial course, a brief passage through a foramen, and an extracranial course. The extracranial course can be further subdivided into the course in the anterior, and then in the posterior, triangles of the neck.
17 lip 2023 · In its path, the XI nerve touches the elevator of the scapula and remains superficial to the prevertebral fascia. When it drops medially to the styloid process, it touches the stylohyoid muscle and the digastric muscles.
1 paź 2013 · The lower cranial nerves innervate the pharynx and larynx by the glossopharyngeal (CN IX) and vagus (CN X) (mixed) nerves, and provide motor innervation of the muscles of the neck by the accessory nerve (CN XI) and the tongue by the hypoglossal nerve (CN XII).
12 paź 2023 · The accessory nerve is the eleventh paired cranial nerve. It has a purely somatic motor function, innervating the sternocleidomastoid and trapezius muscles. In this article, we shall look at the anatomy of the accessory nerve – its anatomical course, motor functions and clinical correlations.
12 kwi 2019 · Cranial nerve XI is the accessory nerve, supplying somatic motor fibres to two large muscles: the sternocleidomastoid and trapezius. In this article, we look in more detail at the structure, function and clinical relevance of the accessory nerve.
16 lut 2022 · The developing brain of a child is particularly vulnerable to CNS infections because the cells, molecules and signaling pathways that govern the host response to infection also coordinate key aspects of neurodevelopment.
30 wrz 2021 · The BBB leakage that occurs during systemic infection may be exclusively mediated through systemic inflammatory effects without direct infection of the cerebral endothelium or brain parenchyma.
