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30 paź 2023 · Pathway. The pathway of the accessory nerve can be subdivided into several components. The nerve has an intracranial course, a brief passage through a foramen, and an extracranial course. The extracranial course can be further subdivided into the course in the anterior, and then in the posterior, triangles of the neck.
12 paź 2023 · The accessory nerve is the eleventh paired cranial nerve. It has a purely somatic motor function, innervating the sternocleidomastoid and trapezius muscles. In this article, we shall look at the anatomy of the accessory nerve – its anatomical course, motor functions and clinical correlations.
The accessory nerve, also known as the eleventh cranial nerve, cranial nerve XI, or simply CN XI, is a cranial nerve that supplies the sternocleidomastoid and trapezius muscles. It is classified as the eleventh of twelve pairs of cranial nerves because part of it was formerly believed to originate in the brain.
17 lip 2023 · In its path, the XI nerve touches the elevator of the scapula and remains superficial to the prevertebral fascia. When it drops medially to the styloid process, it touches the stylohyoid muscle and the digastric muscles.
12 kwi 2019 · Cranial nerve XI is the accessory nerve, supplying somatic motor fibres to two large muscles: the sternocleidomastoid and trapezius. In this article, we look in more detail at the structure, function and clinical relevance of the accessory nerve.
Surgical options comprise nerve surgery, nerve grafting, and nerve regeneration. Other treatment options include tendon or muscle transfer to stabilise the scapula, employed for patients not responding to nerve repair or surgery. One of the widely used surgical procedures is scapulothoracic fusion.
The somatic motor pathway of the spinal accessory nerve starts in the cerebral cortex. Then, the axons travel to the spinal accessory nucleus, which is located in the cervical spinal cord, specifically in the posterolateral aspect of the anterior horn.
