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9th and 10th Cranial nerves The 9th (glossopharyngeal) and 10th (vagus) cranial nerves are usually evaluated together. Whether the palate elevates symmetrically when the patient says "ah" is noted.
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The nuclei to cranial nerves IX and X lie in the medulla oblongata, and lesions within the brainstem can cause both upper and lower motor neuron signs and symptoms. Postpolio syndrome, syringomyelia, and Arnold-Chiari malformation can result in both laryngeal paralysis and dysphagia.
7 lis 2022 · Idiopathic glossopharyngeal neuralgia is caused by compression of cranial nerve IX by a vessel or dysfunction of the central pons. In contrast, secondary glossopharyngeal neuralgia can result from trauma, neoplasm, infection of the throat, surgery, or malformations.
Definition. Glossopharyngeal nerve lesions produce difficulty swallowing; impairment of taste over the posterior one-third of the tongue and palate; impaired sensation over the posterior one-third of the tongue, palate, and pharynx; an absent gag reflex; and dysfunction of the parotid gland.
6 maj 2023 · Cranial nerve testing is helpful in monitoring for the progression or worsening of neurologic disease processes, particularly neurotrauma. However, patients suffering from strokes or other intracranial pathologies routinely require frequent monitoring for worsening function or condition.
25 sty 2024 · Anatomy. Olfaction begins with transduction of odorants from the air into the nasal mucosa. These odorants diffuse or are transported to bipolar receptor cells located in the olfactory neuroepithelium in the roof of the nasal chamber. Action potentials are induced in these cells, which synapse with olfactory bulb glomeruli. [1] .
30 maj 2024 · There are four cranial nerve nuclei in the lower pons and medulla that contribute to the glossopharyngeal nerve: The sensory ganglion cells lie in the superior and inferior ganglia of the nerve, whose central processes pass to two nuclei:
