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6 sie 2022 · The etiology of breast cancer is a complex interplay between multiple risk factors including prior history of breast cancer, positive family history, obesity, tall stature, smoking, alcohol consumption, early menarche, late menopause, sedentary lifestyle, nulliparity and hormone replacement therapy.
6 sie 2022 · As of 2020, breast cancer has become the most diagnosed cancer globally, overtaking lung and prostate cancers. Breast cancer incidence is increasing globally with cases in the United States expected to reach 364,000 in the year 2040.
10 kwi 2019 · Breast cancer is the most common cancer among women and one of the most important causes of death among them. This review aimed to investigate the incidence and mortality rates of breast cancer and to identify the risk factors for breast cancer in the world.
16 mar 2023 · Breast cancer comprises multiple biological entities characterized by heterogeneity in pathology, genomic alterations, gene expression, and the tumor microenvironment (TME), which collectively influence clinical behavior and treatment response.
6 sie 2004 · Although it is difficult to integrate all epidemiologic data into a single biologic model, it is clear that several important pathways or components exist. Of critical importance in breast cancer etiology is the timing of exposure in a woman's life.
2 lis 2022 · Epidemiologic research has established various risk factors which are significant in breast cancer aetiology and may be biological, behavioural, social, or physical. The risk factors include modifiable and non-modifiable elements, which act directly or indirectly and are often interrelated.
28 sie 2019 · There is increasing evidence that breast cancer is a heterogeneous disease and that subtypes such as triple negative breast cancers may have a distinct etiology. Epidemiologic studies, family studies, and genome-wide association studies have identified several genetic variants and rare but moderate-to-high penetrance gene mutations that account ...
